The potential of Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 data to reduce the uncertainties in CO2 surface fluxes over Australia using a variational assimilation scheme

Abstract

This paper addresses the question of how much uncertainties in CO2 fluxes over Australia can be reduced by assimilation of total-column carbon dioxide retrievals from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite instrument. We apply a four-dimensional variational data assimilation system, based around the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) transport-dispersion model. We ran a series of observing system simulation experiments to estimate posterior error statistics of optimized monthly-mean CO2 fluxes in Australia. Our assimilations were run with a horizontal grid resolution of 81 km using OCO-2 data for 2015. Based on four representative months, we find that the integrated flux un..